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CONCLUSION The main findings of our research can be summarised as follows: EU citizens believe that the military intervention in Iraq was not justified 68% of European citizens are of the opinion that the military intervention of the United States and their allies was not justified. In all Member States, (with the exception of Denmark), the vast majority of citizens are against this intervention by force. Even in the allied countries of Spain and the United Kingdom, the majority seem to be opposed. EU citizens want the United Nations and the provisional government to manage reconstruction in Iraq right through to the establishment of a sovereign Iraqi government Citizens are calling for collective as opposed to unilateral management of reconstruction in Iraq, with the United Nations superseding as the representative of this collective action. Close to six in ten citizens would prefer that the management of reconstruction in Iraq as well as the transition to a sovereign Iraqi government be entrusted to the United Nations. The provisional government in Iraq follows next with 44% of citizens choosing this authority for its management during reconstruction through to the establishment of a democratic government. The similarity of results for these distinct questions shows that citizens want continuity from the reconstruction period through to the establishment of a sovereign Iraqi government. EU citizens want the United Nations to guarantee security in Iraq 43% of European Union citizens place their trust in the United Nations together with their peacekeeping forces in guaranteeing security during the reconstruction period. According to EU citizens, the United States should not be entrusted with the task of guaranteeing security. EU citizens want their country to participate in financing the rebuilding of Iraq 65% of EU citizens believe that the United States should finance the reconstruction of Iraq. That said the majority are in favour of their country's financial participation in the rebuilding of Iraq. EU citizens are in favour of offering humanitarian aid to Iraq 82% of EU citizens are in favour of their country's reinforcement of humanitarian aid in Iraq. Opinions appear to be divided on the sending of national peacekeeping troops to Iraq with 44% confirming that they are in favour and 54% against. EU citizens call for more EU involvement in the Middle East Peace Process 81% of citizens believe that the European Union should play an effective role in resolving the Middle East peace process. Still on relations with the Middle East, 86% of EU citizens believe in the importance of political and cultural exchange with Arab countries. Marked differences across Member States in the extent to which the threat of terrorism is felt 55% of EU citizens feel that the threat of terrorism in their country is strong. However, this average results masks marked differences across Member States. The United Kingdom and Spain are most fearful of terrorism with 76% of respondents in each believing the threat in their country to be strong. ISRAEL * Breakdown by country: In all Member States (with the exception of Italy) the majority of citizens believe that Israel presents a threat to peace in the world with "yes" results as high as 74% in the Netherlands and 69% in Austria. Italy is the only country were opinions are divided with 48% of respondents confirming that they perceive Israel as a threat to peace in the world and 46% of the opposite opinion. For each of the following countries, tell me if in your opinion, it presents or not a threat to peace in the world? - Yes, absolutely 1 - Yes, rather2 - No, rather not 3 - No, absolutely not.4 - [NSP/SR] 5 Men diende de volgende landen te beoordelen: a) Afghanistan b) Iraq c) North Korea d) Saudi Arabia e) Somalia f) Syria g) Iran h) Pakistan i) India j) Libya k) United States l) China m) Russia n) European Union
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