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In a 3rd book, "Spaceflight Dynamics", Wiesel, 1989, page 255, they say that Apollo did in fact go near the edge (high latitudes) of the Van Allen belts. I quote: > In a 300-km-altitude circular orbit, the daily radiation dose to an > unshielded human being would be only about 0.1 rad. However, at the > maximum intensity point within the Van Allen belts (at about 3000 km > over the equator), an astronaut would receive a dose of about 300 rads > per day. Apollo spacecraft are the only manned vehicles ever to > penetrate this region, and they crossed the belts at moderately high > latitudes and during the highest speed portion of their flight, so the > accumulated dose to their crews was within acceptable limits. -- Vince
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