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Vaughn, Thank you very much for your help! I was confused when reading apex.pdf: somewhere says 8 "dedicated clock and input pins", somewhere says 4 "dedicated clocks". Now I know the difference is that 4 "fast input pins". One question: to access the "dedicated fast resources", do I simply define an internal net as "global signal"? During compilation, I saw msgs like "promote signal XXX to global signal automatically". Does it mean it uses dedicated fast resources for that signal already? > > The two resources aren't much different. The dedicated clocks are > driven by dedicated input pins, while the fast dedicated networks can > be driven by bidirectional IOs or internal signals from the FPGA > fabric. So most people just consider this 8 dedicated clocking / > asynchronous clear networks. I just did an experiment: use pin Y34 (dedicated clock pin) to drive a few small modules and I see clock skew of less than 0.1 ns; then I use pin B19 (fast1) to drive the same modules, this time I see clock skew of more than 1.1 ns; (skew observed from layout/floorplan view) Do you think this skew will be too large for the hold-time of the flip-flops on fpga? > > clk1p and clk2p aren't connected together, so you can send 4 signals > in through the dedicated clock pins. I wasn't clear in my first post: the FPGA is sitting on a DSP board, so the clk1p and clk2p are connected. I probably will cut them apart. > > The FAST pins drive the dedicated FAST networks, which can be used as > another 4 clock networks: Same concern as I mentioned above: is > 1.1ns skew too large for them to be used as clock networks? thanks! Yi
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